Information
Equations and limits
BLACKLAND reads tip resistance and sleeve friction from a CPT file and converts both to tsf. qt is the tip in tsf. fs is the sleeve in tsf. Swell is in percent. These are the screened sets of 8 October 2026.
Method 1 is Midlothian. Method 2 is Hampton Inn. Method 3 is HEB Irving. Where a band has both lines, the cell is the average of the tip line and the sleeve line. A sleeve line is used when its R² is 0.6 or better. Otherwise the cell is the tip line.
A dash means that swell is below zero. A depth with no line is left empty. A reading outside the fitted range is capped at the range limit and named in the note.
Method 1. Midlothian
- 2 to 3 ftTip 0.0657 qc + 0.122. Sleeve 0.9814 fs + 0.336. Average.Tip, 9 tests, R² 0.43. Sleeve, 7 tests, R² 0.66. Fitted tip 8.33 to 22.76 tsf.
- 4 to 5 ftTip 0.1896 qc − 1.194. Tip only.Tip, 6 tests, R² 0.62. Fitted tip 8.13 to 10.89 tsf.
- 6 to 7 ftTip 0.0577 qc − 0.044. Sleeve 0.6849 fs + 0.339. Average.Tip, 12 tests, R² 0.73. Sleeve, 11 tests, R² 0.71. Fitted tip 8.35 to 29.93 tsf.
- 8 to 9 ftTip 0.0702 qc − 0.295. Sleeve 0.7694 fs + 0.365. Average.Tip, 9 tests, R² 0.94. Sleeve, 9 tests, R² 0.79. Fitted tip 11.56 to 35.91 tsf.
No line at 0 to 2 ft, 3 to 4 ft, 5 to 6 ft, 7 to 8 ft, or below 9 ft. Swell was scaled to field overburden.
Method 2. Hampton Inn
- 0 to 5 ftTip 0.2552 qc − 0.126. Sleeve 5.3656 fs + 1.59. Average.Tip, 10 tests, R² 0.89. Sleeve, 9 tests, R² 0.65. Fitted tip 3.44 to 38.21 tsf.
- 6 to 9 ftTip 0.1585 qc − 2.889. Sleeve 3.7401 fs − 3.03. Average.Tip, 14 tests, R² 0.77. Sleeve, 14 tests, R² 0.61. Fitted tip 22.26 to 66.67 tsf.
- 10 to 15 ftTip 0.1934 qc − 5.843. Sleeve 6.0644 fs − 10.75. Average.Tip, 12 tests, R² 0.69. Sleeve, 12 tests, R² 0.71. Fitted tip 31.28 to 65.08 tsf.
- 16 to 19 ftTip 0.0409 qc + 0.741. Tip only.Tip, 11 tests, R² 0.83. Fitted tip 19.39 to 71.92 tsf. This line also covers 19 to 21 ft.
No line below 21 ft. 47 pairs, tested under field overburden.
Method 3. HEB Irving
- 0 to 2 ftTip 0.0757 qc + 0.431. Tip only.Tip, 10 tests, R² 0.30. Fitted tip 2.53 to 13.4 tsf.
- 2 to 4 ftTip 0.1343 qc + 0.117. Tip only.Tip, 7 tests, R² 0.16. Fitted tip 4.31 to 13.19 tsf.
- 4 to 6 ftTip 0.2255 qc − 1.764. Tip only.Tip, 5 tests, R² 0.77. Fitted tip 8.43 to 15.09 tsf.
- 6 to 8 ftTip 0.2615 qc − 1.964. Sleeve 8.1781 fs − 2.985. Average.Tip, 7 tests, R² 0.84. Sleeve, 7 tests, R² 0.79. Fitted tip 7.63 to 24.17 tsf.
- 8 to 10 ftTip 0.0993 qc − 0.095. Sleeve 2.5619 fs + 0.03. Average.Tip, 5 tests, R² 0.86. Sleeve, 5 tests, R² 0.90. Fitted tip 5.17 to 25.25 tsf.
No line below 10 ft. 34 pairs, tested under field overburden.
Blackland
Blackland is the average of the methods available at that foot, weighted by the number of tests behind each band. It is an estimate. The three method values stay beside it. It is shown to one decimal, and the extra part is dropped so the number is not rounded up.
The note names a foot when the tip was capped, the sleeve was capped, the fit is weak, the sample is small, or the cell used the tip line only. A weak fit is a tip R² under 0.5. A small sample is fewer than six tests.
Limits
The one-dimensional swell test replaces every number when the dials return. This page is not a heave measurement and it is not an allowable bearing. The files stay on this device.
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