Information
Equations and limits
BLACKLAND reads Tip resistance and Sleeve friction from a CPT file and converts both to tsf. Each depth has one swell equation. The equation is half the tip line plus half the sleeve line. qt is the tip in tsf. fs is the sleeve in tsf. Swell is in percent.
Method 1 is the Hampton Inn set of equations. Method 2 is the HEB Irving set of equations. Value to carry is the swell supported by the stronger fit.
A dash means that swell is below zero. A depth with no line is left empty. Midlothian has no depth-band equation here.
Method 1. Hampton Inn
- 0 to 5 ftSwell = 0.14175 qt + 2.35 fs + 0.512Tip, 13 tests, R² 0.77. Sleeve, 13 tests, R² 0.79.
- 5 to 10 ftSwell = 0.0795 qt + 2.0415 fs − 3.027Tip, 14 tests, R² 0.77. Sleeve, 12 tests, R² 0.83.
- 10 to 15 ftSwell = 0.1205 qt + 3.106 fs − 9.2165Tip, 10 tests, R² 0.89. Sleeve, 9 tests, R² 0.81.
- 15 to 21 ftSwell = 0.0215 qt + 0.4935 fs + 0.5575Tip, 10 tests, R² 0.75. Sleeve, 7 tests, R² 0.75.
No combined equation below 21 ft.
Method 2. HEB Irving
- 0 to 2 ftSwell = 0.0465 qt + 2.076 fs + 0.511Tip, 6 tests, R² 0.79. Sleeve, 5 tests, R² 0.67.
- 2 to 4 ftSwell = 0.121 qt − 0.105Tip, 4 tests, R² 0.67. No sleeve line.
- 4 to 6 ftSwell = 0.1125 qt + 3.599 fs − 2.1245Tip, 5 tests, R² 0.77. Sleeve, 4 tests, R² 0.96.
- 6 to 8 ftSwell = 0.0775 qt + 2.291 fs − 0.899Tip, 5 tests, R² 0.82. Sleeve, 5 tests, R² 0.72.
- 8 to 10 ftSwell = 0.0465 qt + 1.193 fs + 0.2065Tip, 3 tests, R² 0.96. Sleeve, 3 tests, R² 0.9988.
No combined equation below 10 ft.
Value to carry
Where both methods have a swell above zero, Value to carry is a weighted average. More tests and a higher R² give a method more weight. Where a method uses two lines, the weaker line sets its weight.
The line under the number is that method's share of the weight. Where only one method has a swell above zero, that swell is the value to carry. Where the sleeve is missing, Value to carry uses the tip. Value to carry is shown to one decimal, and the extra part is dropped so the number is not rounded up.
A dash in Method 1 means the line came out below zero. It is not used for a missing line. Check marks a small count or the weaker line. Method 2 at 2 to 4 ft is four points. Method 2 at 4 to 6 ft sleeve is four points. Method 2 at 8 to 10 ft is three points. The equation cell still shows the number and carries the same Check mark.
Limits
The binned fit misses by 3.6 percent swell. The Hampton oven line misses by 1.9 percent swell. The Hampton filter-paper line misses by 1.3 percent swell. Each miss is wider than a 1 percent specification.
The lines do not travel, and these lines do not predict the swell of one 2-foot specimen. The one-dimensional swell test replaces every number when the dials return. This page is not a heave measurement and it is not an allowable bearing. The files stay on this device.
Choose a cover, a letter, both, or neither. The letter window opens when the letter is selected. The date is filled in and you can change it. The instructions stay outside the letter. Paste the Outlook email there, signature included. The Keller address is on the first page only. Every page has a page number. Print PDF makes the pages for the sounding you are looking at. Print every CPT starts each sounding on its own page.